Cognitive neuroscience
Hasan Sabouri Moghaddam; Mohammad Ali Nazari; Mohammad-Reza Abolghasemi Dehaghani; Akbar Zahedi
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of temperamental differences in people's perceptual bias in the two dimensions of animacy (alive/non-alive) and expression of facial emotion (happy/disgust) in morphed images under ambiguous conditions. Method: Four groups, each group ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of temperamental differences in people's perceptual bias in the two dimensions of animacy (alive/non-alive) and expression of facial emotion (happy/disgust) in morphed images under ambiguous conditions. Method: Four groups, each group consisting of 20 people aged 22-35, with emotional temperament of high and low activation and high and low inhibition, were selected based on Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament (AFECT) scale. Under the same conditions, they performed the task of morphed images in two dimensions of emotion and animacy. The findings were analyzed by t-test and Kruskal-Wallis in SPSS software version 26. Findings: High vs. low activation and high vs. low inhibition temperamental groups are biased in the perception of morphed images with emotional expressions of disgust/happiness but not in animacy. Conclusion: Temperament plays a role in perception of the morphed images with emotional expression of happiness/disgust, but it does not in the animacy dimension.
mohammad Ali nazari; mehdi zamani asl; mohammad ahmadi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 16-29
Abstract
Introduction: Based on Mood-congruency hypothesis and Bower theory, individuals selectively process pleasant and unpleasant emotional information. The main objective of the present study was to determine the effect of learned helplessness on the retrieval of unpleasant memory in individuals that are ...
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Introduction: Based on Mood-congruency hypothesis and Bower theory, individuals selectively process pleasant and unpleasant emotional information. The main objective of the present study was to determine the effect of learned helplessness on the retrieval of unpleasant memory in individuals that are exposed to recurrent failure to solve problem. Method: Forty-five participants (20 males and 25 females) took part in the study. The participants were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: experimental, control, and waiting. To begin with, the Persian version of the Carver and White's BIS/BAS scale (1994), Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) test, and Attributional style questionnaire (ASQ), were filled out by the participants. For all subjects, emotional words were presented for memorization. Then, participants in the experimental and control groups received the same problems. Participants in the experimental group received response-noncontingent feedback for their performance, the control group did not receive any feedback and the waiting group did not respond to any problem. Reaction time (RT), response bias (ß) and sensitivity (d') for emotional word recognition was calculated using signal detection theory. Results: No significant differences were observed for reaction time. However, response bias (ß) and sensitivity (d') were different in the three groups. Conclusion: The results indicated that individuals who had exposure to learned helplessness, used more liberal strategy for negative word recognition.
Mohammad Ali Nazari; Mojtaba soltanlo; Sommayeh Saeadi Dehaghani; Samyra Damya; Nasrin Rastgar Hashemi; Mohamad Mirlo
Volume 2, Issue 2 , March 2014, , Pages 62-73
Abstract
Introduction: A range of studies have shown that the time perception is influenced by numerous factors. In the present study the hypothesis was that gender and emotional dimensions (valance and arousal) of Persian words influence time perception. Method: fifty-eight volunteer undergraduate female students ...
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Introduction: A range of studies have shown that the time perception is influenced by numerous factors. In the present study the hypothesis was that gender and emotional dimensions (valance and arousal) of Persian words influence time perception. Method: fifty-eight volunteer undergraduate female students of the University of Tabriz participated in the experiment. A set of emotional Persian words (in the five dimensions including happy, calm, neutral, angery and sad) were projected to all participants for 800 and 2000 milliseconds (ms) via a computerized test. The participants were asked to reproduce the words. Three-factor ANOVA with repeated measures, one-way ANOVA, paired and independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. Findings: The results rvealed that the rate of error (underestimation) for the long duration was more than the short duration. Coefficient of variation for the happy and calm words was higher than the angery, sad and neutral words. Conclusion: These findings indicate an effect of emotion on time perception. The results are interpreted in the framework of the intentional time perception and arousal time perception models.
